|
中文词句 |
English Terms |
English Definitions |
| Tombstone |
Tombstone |
A situation in which one
participant's gains result only from another
participant's equivalent losses. The net change is
always 0. |
| 摊薄后每股盈利 |
Diluted Earnings Per Share |
The earnings per share (EPS)
if all convertible securities were exercised. |
| 摊薄、减损 |
Dilution |
A reduction in earnings per
share of common stock. Dilution occurs through the
issuance of additional shares of common stock or the
conversion of convertible securities. |
| 摊销 |
Amortization |
The paying off of debt in
regular installments over a period of time.
The
deduction of capital expenses over a specific period of
time. Similar to depreciation, it is a method of
measuring the "consumption" of the value of long-term
assets like equipment or buildings. |
| 弹性 |
Elasticity |
A measure of sensitivity of
one variable to another. More specifically, the degree
to which consumers respond to price changes.
% Change in Quantity
-----------------------------------------
% Change in
Price |
| 套汇 |
Arbitrage |
The simultaneous purchase and
selling of a security in order to profit from a
differential in the price. This usually takes place on
different exchanges or marketplaces.? |
| 套汇定价理论 |
Arbitrage Pricing Theory
(APT) |
An alternative to the CAPM,
APT differs in its assumptions and explanation of risk
factors associated with the risk of an asset. |
| 套汇交易理论 |
Arbitrage Trading Program
(ATP) |
A program used to
simultaneously place orders for stock index futures and
the underlying stocks. The ATP attempts to exploit price
variations (Market Arbitrage). |
| 套汇交易理论 |
ATP |
A program used to
simultaneously place orders for stock index futures and
the underlying stocks. The ATP attempts to exploit price
variations (Market Arbitrage). |
| 套汇债券 |
Arbitrage Bond |
A lower-rate debt security
issued by a municipality prior to the call date of the
municipality's existing higher-rate security. |
| 套现、货币化 |
Monetize |
- To convert into money.
- To convert from securities into currency that can
be used to purchase goods and services.
|
| 特殊风险 |
Specific Risk |
Risk that affects a very
small number of assets. This is sometimes referred to as
"unsystematic risk." |
| 特殊功能公司 |
SPV |
- Also referred to as a "bankruptcy-remote entity"
whose operations are limited to the acquisition and
financing of specific assets. The SPV is usually a
subsidiary company with an asset/liability structure
and legal status that makes its obligations secure
even if the parent company goes bankrupt.
- A subsidiary corporation designed to serve as a
counterparty for swaps and other credit sensitive
derivative instruments. Also called a "derivatives
product company."
|
| 特殊功能公司 |
Special Purpose Vehicle |
- Also referred to as a "bankruptcy-remote entity"
whose operations are limited to the acquisition and
financing of specific assets. The SPV is usually a
subsidiary company with an asset/liability structure
and legal status that makes its obligations secure
even if the parent company goes bankrupt.
- A subsidiary corporation designed to serve as a
counterparty for swaps and other credit sensitive
derivative instruments. Also called a "derivatives
product company."
|
| 特殊项目 |
Exceptional Item |
Charges incurred that must be
noted upon a company's balance sheet according to GAAP
principles. Even though these are considered to be a
part of ordinary business charges, due to their sheer
size or frequency, they must be accordingly disclosed.
|
| 特许协议 |
Concession Agreement |
A right granted by a
government to a corporation. It specifies rules under
which the company can operate locally. |
| 提高平均价格 |
Average Up |
The process of buying
additional shares in a company at higher prices than you
originally purchased. This brings the average price
you've paid for all your shares up. |
| 天使投资者 |
Angel Investor |
A financial backer providing
venture capital funds for small startups or
entrepreneurs. |
| 天灾债券 |
Act of God Bond |
A bond issued by an insurance
company, linking principal and interest to the company's
losses due to natural disasters. |
| 条例A |
Regulation A |
An SEC regulation that
governs offerings of $5,000,000 or less, which qualify
for simplified registration (an exemption). |
| 条例D |
Regulation D |
An SEC regulation that
governs private placement exemption when there is no
investment banker involved. |
| 条例FD |
Regulation FD (Reg FD) |
A rule passed by the
Securities and Exchange Commission in an effort to
prevent selective disclosure by public companies to
market professionals and certain shareholders.
The
Reg FD rule reads as follows:
"Whenever an issuer,
or any person acting on its behalf, discloses any
material nonpublic information regarding that issuer or
its securities to [certain enumerated persons], the
issuer shall make public disclosure of that
information... simultaneously, in the case of an
intentional disclosure; and... promptly, in the case of
a non-intentional disclosure." |
| 条例G |
Regulation G |
The Federal Reserve Board
regulation that governs the extension of credit for
securities transactions by commercial lenders and
non-financial corporations. |
| 条例M |
Regulation M |
An IRS regulation that allows
regulated investment companies to pass taxes from
capital gains, dividends, and interest distributions
onto individual investors. |
| 条例Q |
Regulation Q |
A Federal Reserve Board
regulation that limits the interest rate banks can pay
on savings deposits. |
| 条例T |
Regulation T |
The Federal Reserve Board
regulation that governs customer cash accounts and the
amount of credit that brokerage firms and dealers may
extend to customers for the purchase of securities.
|
| 条款书 |
Term Sheet |
A non-binding agreement
setting forth the basic terms and conditions under which
an investment will be made. |
| 条例U |
Regulation U |
The Federal Reserve Board
regulation that governs loans by banks for the purchase
of securities. |
| 贴现窗 |
Discount Window |
The location at the Federal
Reserve where financial institutions go to borrow money
at the discount rate. |
| 贴现率、折让率 |
Discount Rate |
- The interest rate that an eligible depository
institution is charged to borrow short term funds
directly from a Federal Reserve Bank.
- The interest rate used in determining the present
value of future cash flows.
|
| 贴现票据、折扣票据 |
Discount Note |
An unsecured corporate debt
that is issued at a discount and matures at par. It is
similar to a zero coupon bond or T-bill. Discount notes
give institutional and retail investors convenient
choices with respect to the investment size and maturity
date for a short-term investment. |
| 贴现现金流 |
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) |
A method used to estimate the
attractiveness of an investment opportunity. |
| 贴现债券、折扣债券 |
Discount Bond |
A bond that is valued at less
than its face amount. |
| 通货萎缩 |
Deflation |
The rate at which the general
level of prices for goods and services is falling. The
opposite of inflation. |
| 通货复涨、通货在膨胀 |
Reflation |
An economic policy whereby a
government uses fiscal or monetary stimulus in order to
expand a country's output. |
| 通用会计制度 |
GAAP |
The common set of accounting
principles, standards, and procedures. GAAP is a
combination of authoritative standards (set by policy
boards) and the accepted ways of doing accounting.
|
| 通用会计制度 |
Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles (GAAP) |
The common set of accounting
principles, standards, and procedures. GAAP is a
combination of authoritative standards (set by policy
boards) and the accepted ways of doing accounting.
|
| 同级诉讼 |
Class Action |
An action where an individual
represents a group in a court claim. The judgment from
the suit is for all the members of the group (class).
|
| 投标、交换媒介 |
Tender |
- To accept a formal offer, such as a takeover bid
or tender offer.
- Means of settlement in a financial transaction.
- A bid to buy treasury bills.
- Notice from a futures contract seller to offer
money or goods for settlement of a futures contract.
|
| 投机 |
Speculation |
The process of selecting
investments with higher risk in order to profit from an
anticipated price movement. |
| 投票权 |
Voting Right |
The right of a stockholder to
vote on matters of corporate policy making as well as on
who will compose the board of directors. |
| 投票股票 |
Voting Shares |
Shares that give the
stockholder the right to vote on matters of corporate
policy making as well as who will compose the members of
the board of directors. |
| 投票信托 |
Voting Trust |
A trust legally created in
order to combine the voting power of shareholders
through the transference of legal title and voting
rights to a designated trustee for a set duration.
|
| 投票信托协议 |
Voting Trust Agreement |
A contractual agreement
detailing the specifics of the voting trust, including
the name of its trustee, the effective timeframe, and
the nature of its formation. |
| 投资 |
Investing |
The act of committing money
or capital to an endeavor (a business, project, real
estate, etc.) with the expectation of obtaining an
additional income or profit. |
| 投资 |
Investment |
An asset or item with value
that is purchased for income or capital appreciation.
|
| 投资持有量 |
Position |
The amount of a security
either owned (long position) or borrowed (short
position) by an individual or by a dealer. |
| 投资的现金流回报 |
Cash Flow Return on
Investment (CFROI) |
A valuation model that
assumes the stock market sets prices based on cash flow,
not on corporate performance and earnings.
Cash Flow
------------------------------------------------
Market Value of Capital Employed |
| 投资等级 |
Investment Grade |
- In the case of a stock, a firm that has a strong
balance sheet, considerable capitalization, and is
recognized as a leader in its industry.
- In the case of fixed income, a bond with a rating
of BBB or higher.
|
| 投资顾问 |
Investment Advisor |
An advisor, registered with
the Securities and Exchange Commission, who manages the
investments of others. |
| 投资环境 |
Investment Climate |
The general economic
conditions affecting the financial markets. |
| 投资回报率 |
ROI |
The profit or loss resulting
from an investment transaction, usually expressed as an
annual percentage return. |
| 投资回报率 |
Return On Investment (ROI)
|
The profit or loss resulting
from an investment transaction, usually expressed as an
annual percentage return. |
| 投资回收期 |
Payback Period |
The length of time required
to recover the cost of an investment.
Calculated as:
Cost of Project
----------------------------------------------
Annual Cash
Inflows
All other things being equal,
the better investment is the one with the shorter
payback period. |
| 投资媒体 |
Investment Vehicle |
In general, any method by
which to invest. |
| 投资情绪指标 |
Sentiment Indicator |
A general term used to
describe indicators that gauge investor attitudes
towards the market. |
| 投资缩减 |
Disinvestment |
- Refers to the sale or liquidation of an asset or
subsidiary of an organization or government. Also
known as divestiture.
- A reduction in capital expenditure, or when a
company decides to not replace depleted capital goods.
|
| 投资性房地产 |
Investment Real Estate |
Real estate that generates
income. |
| 投资银行 |
IB (Investment Bank) |
A financial intermediary that
performs a variety of services. This includes
underwriting, acting as an intermediary between an
issuer of securities and the investing public,
facilitating mergers and other corporate
reorganizations, and also acting as a broker for
institutional clients. |
| 投资银行 |
Investment Bank |
A financial intermediary that
performs a variety of services. This includes
underwriting, acting as an intermediary between an
issuer of securities and the investing public,
facilitating mergers and other corporate
reorganizations, and also acting as a broker for
institutional clients. |
| 投资银行家 |
Investment Banker |
A person representing a
financial institution that is in the business of raising
capital for corporations and municipalities. |
| 投资者关系部 |
Investor Relations |
A department, present in most
medium to large public companies, that provides
investors with an accurate account of the affairs of the
company. This helps investors to make informed buy or
sell decisions. |
| 投资者关系部 |
IR |
A department, present in most
medium to large public companies, that provides
investors with an accurate account of the affairs of the
company. This helps investors to make informed buy or
sell decisions. |
| 投资资金回报率 |
ROIC |
A calculation used to
determine the quality of a company. The general
definition for ROIC is as follows:
Net Income - Dividends
---------------------------------------------
Total
Capital |
| 投资资金回报率 |
Return On Investment Capital
(ROIC) |
A calculation used to
determine the quality of a company. The general
definition for ROIC is as follows:
Net Income - Dividends
---------------------------------------------------
Total
Capital |
| 投资组合保险 |
Portfolio Insurance |
A method of hedging a
portfolio of stocks against the market risk by short
selling stock index futures. |
| 投资组合管理 |
Portfolio Management |
The art and science of making
decisions about: investment mix and policy, matching
investments to objectives, asset allocation for
individuals and institutions, and balancing risk vs.
performance. |
| 投资组合经理 |
Portfolio Manager |
The person responsible for
the investment of a mutual fund's assets, implementing
its investment strategy, and managing the day-to-day
portfolio trading. |
| 投资组合收入 |
Portfolio Income |
Income from investments,
including dividends, interest, royalties, and capital
gains. |
| 透支 |
Overdraft |
An instant extension of
credit from a lending institution. |
| 退出投资策略 |
Exit Strategy |
The method that a venture
capitalist or business owner intends to use to get out
of an investment that he/she has made. |
| 拖欠债务 |
Delinquent |
A term describing the failure
to meet required obligations according to schedule.
|
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